Inflammatory, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of Azadirachta Indica infusion on obesity rats induced by hypercaloric diet

Abstract

Abstract Background: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that has reached epidemic proportions in some parts of the world. Before the development of comorbidities of obesity, there are physiological changes already described, such as oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance. These changes are critical steps for the development of obesity comorbidities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Inflammatory, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of Azadirachta Indica (A.I) and Azadirachtin (A) in obese rats. Material & Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats with a weight of 100 ± 20 gr were used. Obesity was induced in rats by feeding a hypercaloric diet. The compounds administered were: A.I (50mg / 1mL) A (1820 ppm) Vehicle (Tween 80 at 2%). In these groups, glucose, C-peptide, insulin, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines were quantified. Results: In the groups that received hypercaloric diet the concentration of the different markers were affected, such as glucose, C-peptide, lipid profile and oxidative stress. Treatment with A.I showed a significant reduction in carbonylation, while malondialdehyde values remained high independent of the treatment received in the hypercaloric diet groups. After administration of A.I or A no significant differences were found in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The lipid profile showed no decrease, in the specific case of triglycerides the values were increased in the groups treated with A. Indica. Conclusions: A.I, demonstrated antioxidant capacity. Both A.I and A have significant effects on oxidative stress markers, glucose, C-peptide and insulin. Both had no lipid lowering effect.